1、Designation:D605696(Reapproved 2011)Standard Test Method forDetermining Concentration of Airborne Single-CrystalCeramic Whiskers in the Workplace Environment byTransmission Electron Microscopy1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6056;the number immediately following the designation
2、indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the sampling methods
3、andanalysis techniques used to assess the airborne concentrationand size distribution of single-crystal ceramic whiskers(SCCW),such as silicon carbide and silicon nitride,which mayoccur in and around the workplace where these materials aremanufactured,processed,transported,or used.This testmethod is
4、 based on the filtration of a known quantity of airthrough a filter.The filter is subsequently evaluated with atransmission electron microscope(TEM)for the number offibers meeting appropriately selected morphological and com-positional criteria.This test method has the ability to distin-guish among
5、different types of fibers based on energy disper-sive X-ray spectroscopy(EDS)analysis and selected areaelectron diffraction(SAED)analysis.This test method may beappropriate for other man-made mineral fibers(MMMF).1.2 This test method is applicable to the quantitation offibers on a collection filter
6、that are greater than 0.5 m inlength,less than 3 m in width,and have an aspect ratio equalto or greater than 5:1(1).2The data are directly convertible toa statement of concentration per unit volume of air sampled.This test method is limited by the amount of coincidentinterference particles.1.3 The v
7、alues stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate saf
8、ety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3D1193 Specification for Reagent WaterD1356 Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis ofAtmospheresD4532 Test Method for Respirable Dust in Workplace At-mosph
9、eres Using Cyclone SamplersD6057 Test Method for Determining Concentration of Air-borne Single-Crystal Ceramic Whiskers in the WorkplaceEnvironment by Phase Contrast MicroscopyD6058 Practice for Determining Concentration of AirborneSingle-Crystal Ceramic Whiskers in the Workplace Envi-ronmentD6059 T
10、est Method for Determining Concentration of Air-borne Single-Crystal Ceramic Whiskers in the WorkplaceEnvironment by Scanning Electron MicroscopyE691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study toDetermine the Precision of a Test Method3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 analytical sensitivity,n
11、airborne fiber concentrationrepresented by a single fiber counted in the TEM.3.1.1.1 DiscussionAlthough the terms fiber and whiskerare,for convenience,used interchangeably in this test method,whiskers is correctly applied only to single-crystal fiberswhereas a fiber may be single-or poly-crystalline
12、 or may benoncrystalline.3.1.2 aspect ratio,nthe ratio of the length of a fiber to itswidth.3.1.3 fiber,nfor the purpose of this test method,anelongated particle having a minimum length of 0.5 m,a widthless than 3 m,and an aspect ratio equal to or greater than 5:1.3.1.4 fibrous,adjcomposed of parall
13、el,radiating,or inter-laced aggregates of fibers,from which the fibers are sometimes1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D22 on AirQuality and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D22.04 on Workplace AirQuality.Current edition approved Oct.1,2011.Published October 20
14、11.Originallyapproved in 1996.Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D6056 96(2006).DOI:10.1520/D6056-96R11.2The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to a list of references at the end ofthis test method.3For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer S
15、ervice at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 separable.That is,the crystalline aggregate may
16、be referred toas fibrous even if it is not composed of separable fibers,but hasthat distinct appearance.The term fibrous is used in a generalmineralogical way to describe aggregates.3.1.5 man-made mineral fiber,nany inorganic fibrousmaterial produced by chemical or physical processes.3.1.6 single-crystal ceramic whisker,n a man-made min-eral fiber that has a single-crystal structure.3.2 For definitions of other terms used in this test method,see Terminology D1356.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 The
