1、Designation:D461116Standard Test Method forSpecific Heat of Rock and Soil1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4611;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses ind
2、icates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope*1.1 This test method covers the determination of instanta-neous and mean values of the specific heat of rock and soil.1.2 This test method employs the classical method
3、 ofmixtures,which involve procedures and an apparatus that aresimpler than those generally used in scientific calorimetry,butwith an accuracy that is adequate for most rocks and soils.While this test method was developed for testing rock and soil,it can be adapted to measure the specific heat of oth
4、ermaterials.1.3 The testing procedure provides an instantaneous specificheat over temperatures ranging from 25 to 300C or a meanspecific heat in that temperature range.1.4 The test procedure is limited to dry specimens of soiland rock.1.5 UnitsThe values stated in SI units are to be regardedas the s
5、tandard.No other units of measurements are included inthis standard.1.6 All observed and calculated values shall conform to theguidelines for significant digits and rounding established inPractice D6026.1.6.1 The procedure used to specify how data are collected/recorded or calculated in this standar
6、d are regarded as theindustry standard.In addition,they are representative of thesignificant digits that generally should be retained.The proce-dures used do not consider material variation,purpose forobtaining the data,special purpose studies,or any consider-ations for the users objectives;and it i
7、s common practice toincrease or reduce significant digits of reported data to becommensurate with these considerations.It is beyond the scopeof this standard to consider significant digits used in analyticalmethods for engineering design1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety
8、concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics
9、 for TestingD653 Terminology Relating to Soil,Rock,and ContainedFluidsD3740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for AgenciesEngaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock asUsed in Engineering Design and ConstructionD6026 Practice for Using Significant Digits in GeotechnicalDataE122 Practice fo
10、r Calculating Sample Size to Estimate,WithSpecified Precision,the Average for a Characteristic of aLot or ProcessE230 Specification and Temperature-Electromotive Force(EMF)Tables for Standardized Thermocouples3.Terminology3.1 For definitions of common technical terms used in thisstandard,refer to Te
11、rminology D653.3.2 Definitions:3.2.1 instantaneous specific heatthe rate of change ofsample enthalpy,h,per unit mass with respect to temperature,T,at constant pressure,p,(J/kgK).3.2.2 mean specific heatthe quantity of heat required tochange the temperature of a unit mass of a substance onedegree,mea
12、sured as the average quantity over the temperaturerange specified(J/kgK).3.2.3 thermal capacitythe amount of heat necessary tochange the temperature of the body one degree,equal to theproduct of the mass of the body and its specific heat(J/K).3.2.4 thermal diffusivitythe ratio of thermal conductivit
13、yof a substance to the product of its density and specific heat(m2/s).3.3 Symbols:3.3.1 Henthalpy change(J/kg).1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D18 on Soil andRock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.12 on Rock Mechanics.Current edition approved May 1,201
14、6.Published May 2016.Originallyapproved in 1986.Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D4611 08.DOI:10.1520/D4611-16.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandardsvolume information,refer to th
15、e standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 3.3.2(H)calenthalpy change of the calorimeter(J/kg).3.3.3 mmass(kg).3.3.
16、4 mcalmass of calorimeter(kg).3.3.5 mcapmass of capsule(kg).3.3.6 mspecmass of the specimen(kg).3.3.7 mcpthermal capacity(J/K).3.3.8 Tmfinal temperature of the mixture(K).3.3.9 Tctemperature of the calorimeter immediately priorto drop(K).3.3.10 Thtemperature of capsule and specimen in theheater prior to drop(K).3.3.11 Ttemperature difference(K).3.3.12(T)caltemperature change of the calorimeter(K).3.3.13(c p)specmean specific heat of the specimen(J/kgK).3.3.14(cp)specinstantaneous specific heat o
