1、Designation:D450494(Reapproved 2018)Standard Specification forMolded Polyethylene Open-Head-Pails for IndustrialShipping of Nonhazardous Goods1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4504;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the c
2、ase of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This specification covers molded polyethylene,open-head,self-supporting,nonreusable pails inten
3、ded for the pack-aging and transportation of nonhazardous goods.Pails are tohave volume capacities between 1 and 7 gal(3.8 to 26.5 L).1.2 Pails intended to contain hazardous goods(materials)shall be in accordance with and tested to United StatesDepartment of Transportation Code of Federal Regulation
4、s(CFR)Title 49,Parts(100199).1.3 The purpose of this specification is to establish perfor-mance requirements and test methods for molded open-headpolyethylene pails.1.4 Additives for the resin used and design of the pails areleft to the discretion of the supplier,within the allowable limitsof regula
5、tory and performance requirements.1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard.The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.6 The following safety hazards caveat pertains to
6、the testmethod portions,Section 10,of this specification:This stan-dard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,ifany,associated with its use.It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety,health,andenvironmental practices and determine the applic
7、ability ofregulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the
8、World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparentand Opaque Liquids(and Calculation of Dynamic Viscos-ity)D996 Terminology of Packaging and Distribution Environ-mentsD999 Test Methods fo
9、r Vibration Testing of Shipping Con-tainersD1972 Practice for Generic Marking of Plastic Products(Withdrawn 2014)3D1975 Test Method for Environmental Stress Crack Resis-tance of Plastic Injection Molded Open Head PailsD4577 Test Method for Compression Resistance of a Con-tainer Under Constant LoadD5
10、276 Test Method for Drop Test of Loaded Containers byFree FallE4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines2.2 Other Documents:National Motor Freight Classification(NMFC)4Uniform Freight Classification(UFC)5Code of Federal Regulations Title 49 Parts 100199(CFR49)63.Terminology3.1 Definitio
11、nsFor definitions of terms used in thisspecification,see Terminology D996.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 open-head paila pail with a full-diameter unre-stricted opening at the top,and designed to be carried by hand.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Commi
12、ttee D10 onPackaging and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D10.21 on ShippingContainers and Systems-Application of Performance Test Methods.Current edition approved March 1,2018.Published April 2018.Originallyapproved in 1985.Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D4504 94(2011).DOI:10
13、.1520/D4504-94R18.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical st
14、andard is referenced onwww.astm.org.4Available from National Motor Freight Traffic Association,Inc.(NMFTA),1001 N.Fairfax St.,Suite 600,Alexandria,VA 22314,http:/www.nmfta.org.5Available from National Railroad Freight Committee,Suite 1120,222 SouthRiverside Plaza,Chicago,IL 60606.6Available from U.S
15、.Government Printing Office Superintendent of Documents,732 N.Capitol St.,NW,Mail Stop:SDE,Washington,DC 20401,http:/www.access.gpo.gov.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance
16、with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.1 The pail body is usually of a tapered design to provide fornesting of pails during transportation and storage,prior tofilling of contents.After filling of contents,the pail lid isapplied to the pail body,providing a sealed container forstor
