1、Designation:D 3245 03An American National StandardStandard Test Method forPumpability of Industrial Fuel Oils1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3245;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last
2、 revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon(e)indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope*1.1 This test method is intended for use on petroleum fueloils,such as those covered in Specification D 396 Grade No4(Light),4,5(
3、Light),5,and 6,or similar fuels.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.The values in parentheses are for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standa
4、rd to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:D 396 Specification for Fuel Oils2D 445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparentand Opaque Liquids(and the Calculation o
5、f DynamicViscosity)2E 1 Specification for ASTM Thermometers33.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 handling pointan indication of the minimum tem-perature to which an oil should be heated in any part of thesuction or delivery line of an oil-handling installation when theinstallation is operating.If the
6、storage tank does not contain anoutflow heater,this temperature is necessarily the minimum oilstorage temperature.3.1.2 It is defined as that temperature at which the oil has anapparent viscosity of 0.6 Pas(6 P),at a rate of shear of 9.7 s1,when cooled and tested under prescribed conditions.3.1.3 st
7、orage pointan indication of the minimum tem-perature to which an oil should be heated in any part of anoil-handling installation when starting up after a shutdown.It isalso an indication of the minimum temperature at which the oilshould be stored in a tank fitted with an outflow heater.3.1.4 It is d
8、efined as that temperature at which the oil has anapparent viscosity of 2.5 Pas(25 P),at a rate of shear of 9.7s1,when cooled and tested under prescribed conditions.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 Asample of the oil,preheated if necessary to a specifiedtemperature to make it fluid,is poured into the cup
9、 of theportable viscometer.This is immersed in a bath at a predeter-mined temperature.After 15 min,the viscometer is started at arate of shear of 9.7s1.After a further 5 min,the bath is cooledat 0.5C/min(1F/min).The temperatures at which apparentviscosities of 0.6 Pas(6 P)and 2.5 Pas(25 P)are obtain
10、ed aredetermined.5.Significance and Use5.1 This test method is designed to give an indication of theminimum storage and minimum handling temperatures whichmay be used for a given fuel oil.This test method is cited inSpecification D 396.6.Apparatus6.1 Temperature Measuring Deviceconforming to speci-f
11、ications for ASTM thermometers 63C,64C,and 12C,orequivalent,in accordance with Specification E 1,or any othertemperature measruing device with equal or better accuracyand equal temperature response.6.2 Oil Container,made of aluminum or aluminum alloy tothe dimensions given in Fig.1A and B.The cup(Fi
12、g.1A)is aloose fit on the Model VW outer cylinder of the viscometer.The inner diameter of the cup shall not exceed the outsidediameter of the viscometer outer cylinder by more than 0.4 mmor less than 0.15 mm.The cup has four grooves in the side toallow easy flow of oil past the outer viscometer cyli
13、nder;thesealign with four recesses in the cap(Fig.1B)when in position.The cap supports the viscometer cup to which it is secured bya bayonet fitting.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD
14、02.07 on Flow Properties.Current edition approved March 10,2003.Published May 2003.Originallyapproved in 1973.Last previous edition approved in 1996 as D 324596.This test method is based on IP 230 but contains a precision statement based onan ASTM/IP round robin using waxy and non-waxy fuel oils typ
15、ical of thosemarketed in North America.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 05.01.3Annual Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 14.03.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959,United States.6.3
16、 Three-Speed Portable Viscometer Model VH,4fittedwith a 2 mNm(20 gfcm)spring and a Model VM outercylinder having a plastic shaft and B inner cylinder(Fig.2).Aviscometer should be selected having a Multiplying Factor,thatis,a viscometer factor,of not less than 0.25 P per division.6.3.1 Four 5-mm(316-in.)holes are drilled symmetricallyinto the top of both the Model VM outer cylinder and guardring,to allow oil to flow easily into the gap between thecylinders.6.4 Water Bath,of any convenient size or
