1、R Designaion:D 270-65(Reapproved 1980)American National standard 21 1.33-1966 American National Standards Institute Method 8001-Federal Test Method Standard No 79 1 b Re fcducsd Bv GLOBAL ENGINEERING DOCUMENTS IH!Undar Limie With ASTM COP r 19d&e Street phiimieiphis,knnsyivmia 19103 p j Standard:254
2、6 I American Sociew For Testing And M.teri.lr Reorinted from the Annual Book of ASTM Standards.CopyrightASTM -If not listed in the current combined index,will appear in the nextedition.Standard Method of SAMPLING PETROLEUM AND PETROLEUM PR ODU CTS This Standard is issued under the fixed designation
3、D 270;the number immediately following the designaiion indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last rrapproval.This is also a standard of the American Petroleum Institute issued under the fixed designat
4、ion API 2546.This method was adopted as a ioini ASTM-API standard in 1965.1.Scope 1.1 This method covers procedures for ob-taining representative samples of stocks or shipments of crude petroleum and petroleum products,except electrical insulating oils,and butane,propane,and other petroleum prod-uct
5、s that are gases at atmospheric tempera-ture and pressure.NOTE I-The procedures described in this method may also find application in sampling most noncorrosive liquid industrial chemicals.NOTE 2-The procedure for sampling liquefied petroleum gases is described in ASTM Method D-1265.Sampling Liquefi
6、ed Petroleum(LP)Gases.*the procedure for sampling electrical insulating oils in ASTM Method D 923.Sampling Electrical Insu-king Liquids3 and the procedure for sampling natural gas in ASTM Method D 1145.Sampling Natural Gas.NOTE 3-The values stated in US.customary units are to be regarded as the stan
7、dard.Metric equivalents have been rationalized whcre tolerances are considered non-critical.2.Summary of Method 2.1 Samples of petroleum and petroleurn products are examined by various methods of test for the determination of physical and chemical characteristics.It is accordingly nec-essary that th
8、e samples be truly representative of the petroleum or petroleum products in question.The precautions required to ensure the representative character of the samples are numerous and depend upon the type of material being sampled.the tank,carrier,container or line from which the sample is being obtain
9、ed,the type and cleanliness of the sample container,and the sampling procedure that is to be used.A summary of the sampling procedures and their application is presented in Table I.Each procedure is suitable for sampling a number of specific materials under definite storage,transportation,or contain
10、er conditions.The basic principle of each proce-dure is to obtain a sample or a composite of several samples in such manner and from such locations in the tank or other container that the sample or composite will be truly representative of the petroleum or petroleum product.3.Description of Terms 3.
11、1 Average Sample is one that consists of proportionate parts from all sections of the container.3.2 All-Levels Sample is one obtained by submerging a stoppered beaker or bottle to a point as near as possible to the draw-off level.then opening the sampler and raising it at a rate such that it is abou
12、t three-fourths full(maximum 85 percent)as it emerges from the liquid.An all-levels sample is not necessarily an average sample because the tank volume Th!.method is under the iurisdiction of A S T M Com-mittee D-2 on Petroleum Product?,and Lubricants and ihr API Central Committee on Petroleum Measu
13、rement.Currcni edition effective Aup.31.1965.0rigin;iIly is-sued 1927.Replace!.D 270 61.In 1965.this method was rewritien CI it joint meihod with he American Petruch as to minimize stratification or dropping out of heavier particles within the tube or the dis-placement of oil within the tube as a re
14、sult of variation in gravity of the flowing stream.The sampling probe should be located preferably in a vertical run of pipe and as near as prac-ticable to the point where the oil passes to the receiver.The probe should always be in a hor-izontal position.19.2.1 The sampling lines should be as short
15、 as practicable and should be cleared before any samples are taken.19.2.2 A suitable device for mixing the fluid flow to ensure a homogeneous mixture at all rates of ow and to eliminate stratifica-tion should be installed upstream of the sam-pling tap.Some effective devices for obtaining a homogeneo
16、us mixture are as follows:reduc-tion in pipe size;a series of baffles;orifice or perforated plate;and a combination of any of these methods.19.2.3 The design or sizing of these devices is optional with the user,as long as the flow past the sampling point is homogeneous and stratification is eliminated.19.3 TO control the rate at which the sample is withdrawn,the probe or probes should be fitted with valves or plug cocks.19.4 Auromaric Sampling Devices-If mutually agreeable,automatic line-samplin
