1、Designation:D 4341 03Standard Test Method forCreep of Hard Rock Core Specimens in UniaxialCompression at Ambient or Elevated Temperature1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4341;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case o
2、f revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon(e)indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope*1.1 This test method covers the creep behavior of intactcylindrical hard rock core specimens in uniaxi
3、al compression.It specifies the apparatus,instrumentation,and procedures fordetermining the strain as a function of time under sustainedload.Hard rocks are those with maximum strain at failure ofless than 2%.NOTE1Most hard brittle rocks fail in uniaxial compression at strainlevels of less than 2%.1.
4、2 All observed and calculated values shall conform to theguidelines for significant digits and rounding established inPractice D 6026.1.2.1 The method used to specify how data are collected,calculated,or recorded in this standard is not directly related tothe accuracy to which the data can be applie
5、d in design or otheruses,or both.How one applies the results obtained using thisstandard is beyond its scope.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety an
6、d health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 653 Terminology Relating to Soil,Rock,and ContainedFluidsD 2113 Practice for Rock Core Drilling and Sampling ofRock for Site InvestigationD 2216 Test Method for Labo
7、ratory Determination of Water(Moisture)Content of Soil and RockD 3740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for AgenciesEngaged in the Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rockas Used in Engineering Design and ConstructionD 4543 Practice for Preparing Rock Core Specimens andDetermining Dimensional and
8、Shape TolerancesD 5079 Practices for Preserving and Transporting RockCore SamplesD 6026 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Geotechni-cal DataE 4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines3.Summary of Test Method3.1 A section of rock core is cut to length and the ends aremachined flat
9、 to produce a cylindrical test specimen.Thespecimen is placed in a loading frame and,if required,heatedto the desired test temperature.Axial load is rapidly applied tothe specimen and sustained.Deformation is monitored as afunction of elapsed time.4.Terminology4.1 Refer to Terminology D 653 for spec
10、ific definitions.5.Significance and Use5.1 There are many underground structures that are createdfor permanent or long-term use.Often,these structures aresubjected to an approximately constant load.Creep testsprovide quantitative parameters for the stability analysis ofthese structures.5.2 The defor
11、mation and strength properties of rock coresmeasured in the laboratory usually do not accurately reflectlarge-scale in situ properties,because the latter are stronglyinfluenced by joints,faults,inhomogeneities,weakness planes,and other factors.Therefore,laboratory values for intactspecimens must be
12、employed with proper judgment in engi-neering applications.NOTE2Notwithstanding the statements on precision and bias con-tained in this test method;the precision of this test method is dependenton the competence of the personnel performing it,and the suitability of theequipment and facilities used.A
13、gencies that meet the criteria of PracticeD 3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objectivetesting.Users of this test method are cautioned that compliance with1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D18 on Soil andRock and is the direct responsibility of Subcomm
14、ittee D18.12 on Rock Mechanics.Current edition approved Nov.10,2003.Published February 2004.Originallyapproved in 1984.Last previous edition approved in 1998 as D 4341 93(1998).2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For A
15、nnual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959,United States.Practice D 37
16、40 does not in itself assure reliable testing.Reliable testingdepends on many factors:Practice D 3740 provides a means of evaluatingsome of these factors.6.Apparatus6.1 Loading DeviceThe loading device shall be of suffi-cient capacity to apply load at a rate conforming to therequirements specified in 10.5 and shall be able to maintain thespecified load within 2%.It shall be verified at suitable timeintervals in accordance with the procedures given in PracticesE 4 and comply with the requirements
