1、Information technology Programming languages,their environments and system software interfaces Guidelines for the preparation of language-independent service specifications(LISS)Technologies de linformation Langages de programmation,leurs environnements et interfaces du logiciel dexploitation Lignes
2、 directrices pour llaboration de spcifications de service indpendantes du langage(LISS)TECHNICAL REPORTISO/IEC TR14369Second edition 2018-01Reference numberISO/IEC TR 14369:2018(E)ISO/IEC 2018 ISO/IEC TR 14369:2018(E)ii ISO/IEC 2018 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO/IEC 2018All rig
3、hts reserved.Unless otherwise specified,or required in the context of its implementation,no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means,electronic or mechanical,including photocopying,or posting on the internet or an intranet,without prior written per
4、mission.Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCP 401 Ch.de Blandonnet 8CH-1214 Vernier,Geneva,SwitzerlandTel.+41 22 749 01 11Fax+41 22 749 09 47copyrightiso.orgwww.iso.orgPublished in Switzerland ISO/I
5、EC TR 14369:2018(E)Foreword.viiIntroduction.viii1 Scope.12 Normative references.13 Terms and definitions.14 Abbreviated terms.45 Overview.45.1 Services,interfaces,service providers and service users.45.2 Information technology services.45.3 Services and language independence.55.4 Language-independen
6、t specifications.65.5 Problems of language dependence and inbuilt assumptions.75.5.1 General.75.5.2 Representational assumptions.75.5.3 Implementation assumptions.76 Guidelines on strategy.86.1 General.86.2 General guidelines.86.2.1 Guideline:Dependence of the interface on the service.86.2.2 Guideli
7、ne:What to do when there are interoperability,concurrency,or time constraint issues.86.2.3 Guideline:Use of marshalling/unmarshalling.86.2.4 Guideline:Recruiting expertise from a variety of backgrounds.96.3 What to do if starting from scratch.96.3.1 General.96.3.2 Guideline:Avoidance of implementati
8、on assumptions.96.3.3 Specifying the service in language-independent form.96.3.4 Specifying the interface to the service in language-independent form.106.4 What to do if starting from an existing language-dependent specification.106.4.1 General.106.4.2 General guidelines.106.4.3 Converting an existi
9、ng language-dependent specification of the service into language-independent form.126.4.4 Converting an existing implicit interface into an explicit language-independent interface.136.4.5 Specifying a language-independent interface to a service whose specification is language-dependent.147 Guideline
10、s on document organization.157.1 General.157.2 Guideline:The general framework.157.2.1 General.157.2.2 Checklist of parts for inclusion.157.3 Guideline:Production and publication.167.4 Guideline:Document organization when starting from a language-specific specification 168 Guidelines on terminology.
11、178.1 General.178.2 Guideline:The need for rigour.178.3 Guideline:The need for consistency.178.4 Guideline:Use of undefined terms.178.5 Guideline:Use of ISO 2382.178.6 Guideline:Use of definition by reference.18 ISO/IEC 2018 All rights reserved iiiContents Page ISO/IEC TR 14369:2018(E)8.7 Guideline:
12、Terminology used in bindings.189 Guidelines on use of formal specification languages.189.1 Guideline:Use of a formal specification language.189.2 Checklist of formal specification languages.189.2.1 General.189.2.2 Estelle.189.2.3 Lotos.199.2.4 VDM-SL.199.2.5 Z.199.2.6 Extended BNF.209.3 Guideline:Us
13、ing formal specifications from the outset.209.4 Guideline:Use of operational semantics.2010 Guidelines on interoperability.2110.1 General.2110.1.1 Interoperability with what?.2110.1.2 The nature of the interoperation.2210.1.3 How interoperation is invoked.2210.2 Guidelines on interoperability with o
14、ther instantiations of the same service.2210.2.1 Guideline:Identifying features affecting interoperability.2210.2.2 Guideline:Precise definition and rigorous conformity requirements.2210.2.3 Guideline:Importance of exchange values.2310.3 Guidelines on interoperability with other services.2310.3.1 Ge
15、neral.2310.3.2 Guideline:Interoperability with other services being defined at the same time.2310.3.3 Guideline:Interoperability with a pre-defined service.2311 Guidelines on concurrency issues.2411.1 General.2411.2 Guidelines on concurrency within the service specification.2411.2.1 Guideline:Avoida
16、nce of unnecessary concurrency requirements.2411.3 Guidelines on concurrency of interaction with service users.2411.3.1 General.2411.3.2 Guideline:Handling of concurrent service requests.2511.3.3 Guideline:Number of concurrent service requests handled.2511.3.4 Guideline:Order of processing of service requests.2511.3.5 Guideline:Criteria for prioritizing service requests.2511.4 Guidelines on concurrency requirements on bindings.2511.4.1 General.2511.4.2 Guideline:Avoidance of concurrency requirem
