1、14基本词法句法梳理,词法学习 1。动词（1）行为动词 I stayed at home and did some work.我呆在家里做些事。Ive just had a coffee,thanks.谢谢，我刚刚用过咖啡。,It has not yet been announced who will judge the case.谁来判这个案子还没有宣布。I dont know how to dress right.我不知道怎样穿着得体。,Dont expect money to buy you happiness.别指望拿金钱去买快乐。He was killed doing his dut
2、y.他以身殉职。,Organizations hope to improve the publics environmental awareness.,Cancer strikes in every country in the world.,癌症袭击全球各国。,.,组织者希望提高公众的环境意识。,（2）持续动词,Shakespeare lived from 1564 to 1616.,We watched the train until it disappeared in the distance.,莎士比亚生于1564年，死于1616年。,我们注视着火车直到它在远处消失。,She wore
3、 a new dress for the ceremony.,她为参加庆典穿了一身新装。,I hope it doesnt rain tomorrow.,我希望明天不要下雨。,He came round earlier but he only stayed for a few minutes.,他来得比较早可是只呆了几分钟。,I read about it in this mornings newspaper.,我是在今天的早报上读到这个消息的。,（3）及物动词,She spread a cloth over the table.,她铺了一张桌布。,I let him have my watc
4、h for his camera.,我让他的相机和我的手表交换了一下。,It puzzled me why she agreed to come when she is so busy.,我奇怪她既然那么忙为什么同意来。,If you know the answer raise your hand.,如果知道答案就举手。,The doctor told me to get more sleep.,医生告诉我要多睡眠。,（4）不及物动词,Wait outside the door until you are asked to get in.,在外面等着，叫你进来，你再进来。,It poured
5、with rain throughout the night.,整夜大雨瓢泼。,The sun rises when it appears above the horizon.,太阳从地平线上升起。,Bombs were falling on the city all night.,整夜向这座城市投弹。,You cant expect the money to appear from nowhere.,不能要来路不明的钱。,I could see people moving to and for in the square.,我看到人们在广场上来来往往。,Were hoping for goo
6、d weather,of course.,我们当然希望好天气。,She often wished for a quieter life.,她总是希望过上安静一点的生活。,（5）及物与不及物动词,The children greatly desire to come to Beijing.,孩子们最大的愿望是来北京。,He promised(me)not to interfere.,他答应不予干扰。,Write me when time permits.,时间允许的话写封信来。,（6）反身动词,They dressed themselves like the villagers.,他们打扮成村民
7、。,The little girl hid herself in the big box.,小姑娘把自己藏在大箱子里。,You may help yourself to the books on the shelf.,书在架子上，你自己拿。,（7）系动词,He went a child but returned an old man.,他走时还是孩童，归时已是老人。,What you said sounds all right.,你说的听上去还不错。,The problem seems quite simple.,这个问题似乎挺简单。,The plan proved practicable.,
8、这个计划证明可行。,Dont marry too young.,结婚不要太早。,Mr Wang Luobins story has long remained a mystery.,王洛宾的故事很久以来是个谜。,（8）表感觉知觉动词,I could smell he had been smoking.,我能闻出他抽烟。,My leg ached after long trip.,走长路后我的腿疼。,Im sorry;I hope I didnt hurt you.?,对不起，我没有伤害你吧？,（9）表心理动词,It is understood that you will come.,相信你会来
9、的。,I can imagine the scene clearly in my mind.,我可以清楚地想象出这一景象。,I dont think he is right.,我认为他不对。,You cant believe how badly he drives.,你无法相信他开车技术有多糟。,I suppose we ought to wait till she arrives.,我想我们应该等她来。,（10）表关系动词,She owns a car but rarely drives it.,她有一辆轿车但很少开。,Has this project been cost?,这项工程估价了吗
10、？,Who does the house belong to?,这房子属于谁？,He couldnt prove that the crime is related to her.,She often referred to you in the letters.,她常在信中提起你。,他不能证明罪行与她有关。,（11）表情感动词,Wed love you to come to dinner.,我们很愿意你来吃饭。,He cared for her deeply.,他深深地爱着她。,I detest him complaining.,我极讨厌他发牢骚。,I dislike his doing i
11、t.,我不喜欢他做这事。,My husband hates going shopping.,我丈夫讨厌逛商场。,She is a sweet women,who asked for nothing but to love and cherish her husband.,她是一个温柔的女人，除了疼爱丈夫别无所求。,（12）短语动词,I came across an interesting article in a magazine.,我在一本杂志上偶尔看到一篇有趣的文章。,Well look into the matter thoroughly.,我们要彻底调查这件事。,The prize i
12、s 500 dollars,which works out to about 4,000yuan.奖品是500美元，折合人民币约为4000元。My rent was paid for six months in advance.我预付出了六个月的房租。,The tricks were meant to be seen only once.,这种把戏只能玩一次。,There are only four to choose from.,只有四种选择。,He finally caught a sight of the village.,他终于看到了村庄,We are taking proper ad
13、vantage of our opportunity.,我们在适当地利用机会。,Ill be absent from work tomorrow.,我明天不上班。,I kept up with many of my old classmates.,我和老同学保持着联系。,2 动词时态,Traffic accidents usually happen when people are not careful enough.,人们不够注意往往造成交通事故。,He disappeared from our lives 43 years ago.,他43 年前就不知去向。,Dont eat so man
14、y sweets,or your teeth will get worse.,不要吃很多甜食，那样牙齿会坏。,She said she would buy a better house for her parents,她说她要给父母买一套好点的住房。,Ive come only for a few moments.,我已到了一会儿。,They will have received my email now.,他们此时会收到我的email。,It was raining heavily then.,那时正下着大雨。,It was raining heavily then.那时正下着大雨。I wo
15、nder what you are doing now.我想知道你在干什么。,Children will be taking their holidays soon.,孩子们很快要放假。,Kate told me that her husband would be coming next day.,卡特对我说她丈夫第二天要来。,11.What have you been doing all this time?你一直在干什么？,12.Tom died last night,he had been a good friend of mine.,别着急，他会很快把所有这一切忘记的。,13.Dont
16、 worry,he will have forgotten all about it soon.别着急，他会很快把所有这一切忘记的。14.He told us that the party would have arrived by two oclock.他告诉我这一行人两点钟以前到达。,15.I shall have been working in the company for 4 years by the end of this year.到今年底我在本公司已经工作四年。16.I suppose that the play would have been running by then.
17、我想那部话剧到时会上演。,3动词语态,Smoking is forbidden here.,这里禁止吸烟。,Drivers were warned not to break the rules.,警告司机不要违规。,We hope that an agreement will be arrived at.,我们希望能达成协议。,The experiment has been planned since 1994.,自1994年就计划了这个实验。,She looked at the books that had been placed on the shelf.,她看了看已经放在架子上的书。,H
18、e said the book would have been published by the end of this month.,他说这本书将在年底出版。,When we called,the tea was being served.,我们到的时候，正值上茶之际。,The sick girl is being taken good care of.,这个病女孩在受到很好地看护。,Waste things mustnt be thrown away everywhere.废物不能到处乱扔。It could be seen that he was excited.看得出来他很激动。,4助动
19、词,Do not touch the exhibits.,不要触动展览品。,Have you got the tickets for train?,你拿到火车票了吗？,Each citizen shall carry his identification card when traveling.每个公民出行都要带身份证。How can I get to the zoo?怎样去动物园？,Beijingers will show you the way to the station.北京人会指给你去车站的路。Would you tell me your new address?告诉我你的地址好吗？
20、,5情态动词,Beijing can be very hot in July.,七月的北京很热。,You may phone the office.,你可以给办公室打电话。,You might tell me the truth.,你要跟我说实话。,Passengers must not walk across the construction.,乘客不可跨越工地。,Oil will float on water.,油会浮在水面上。,He would go in spite of my warning.,他不听我的警告还是要去。,If you work well,you shall have high wage.,假如你干得好，你就会拿高工资。,Dare he tell me what he knows?,他敢于告诉我他知道的事情吗？,It needs no explanation.,不必解释。,Youd better be on time.,你最好准时。,11.We students ought to obey the rules.,我们学生应该遵守规定。,12.My husband used to drink beer.,我丈夫从前常常喝啤酒。,6虚拟语气,
