1、2017年中国特步大学生啦啦操总决赛自选成套编排对比与分析Comparions and Analysis of the Self-selected Sets of Xtep Cheerleading Finals for College Students in 2017摘 要21世纪伊始，我国社会进入快速发展的阶段，如何加强体育工作，促进学生的健康成长成为现阶段教育工作者关注的焦点。啦啦操是现代体育运动中一个新兴的运动项目。当前国际上根据成套动作表演形式的不同将舞蹈啦啦操项目分为爵士啦啦操、花球啦啦操、街舞啦啦操。近年来，由“特步”冠名、中国大学生体育协会主办的大学生啦啦操比赛在我国各高校中广
2、泛开展，其全国性的总决赛被命名为“中国特步大学生啦啦操总决赛”，云集了全国各高校的高水平啦啦操队伍。该竞赛活动参照了国际上通用的啦啦操竞赛规则，将竞赛内容分类细化，使得赛事既具有观赏性又有规范性，引领了我国舞蹈啦啦操的基本走向。中国特步大学生啦啦操总决赛中，各队伍运用了多种赋予现代流行元素的舞蹈啦啦操形式，在成套编排、完成水准方面独具特色，此种赛事的组织有利于高校大学生从中体验体育文化的魅力，传递和弘扬体育精神；有利于激发大学生体育锻炼的兴趣，在普及舞蹈啦啦操项目，培养学生终身体育意识等方面具有积极的意义。从运动技术的角度分析中国特步大学生啦啦操总决赛的成套编排，对于我国舞蹈啦啦操整体水平的提
3、升存在一定的价值。本研究采用文献资料法、录像观察法，调查法、数理统计和逻辑分析法，依据ICU竞赛规则，对2017中国特步大学生啦啦操总决赛各队伍的花球、爵士、街舞啦啦操自选套路的编排进行对比和分析。得出如下结论：在音乐的选择上，流行音乐是大部分队伍的首选音乐类型，且以混合音乐为主。八支队伍根据音乐的节奏、旋律、歌词、重音、音效进行舞蹈动作、难度动作、托举等动作的编排，给人以视觉上的盛宴。服装的选用在舞蹈啦啦操成套编排中有着非常重要的作用，在服装选配方面花球啦啦操以亮色长袖连体裙为主流服装风格；爵士啦啦操大多数队伍以长袖短裙为主，颜色普遍较深，极少数队伍在服装上加入了中国元素。街舞风格的服装则以
4、深色系为主。八支队伍在层次动作、依次动作和对比动作方面次数差异较小，参加比赛的所有队伍在动作数量上达到了一定的要求，能够给观众带来变幻多样的视觉体验；托举方面，无论是从数量、难度还是在创新上，大部分队伍均有待提高。在此次比赛成套动作的难度方面，转体类难度动作使用率最高，跳跃类次之，且各队伍普遍使用等级较低的难度，难度系数低，完成人数较多，因此重复性较高。在队形方面，各队虽然都进行了精心的编排，但是可以看出在队形的变换性、流动性及丰富性方面仍然存在较大差距。其建议如下：在编排的过程中要强调主题的重要性；在选择音乐时，音乐的类型并不是越多越好，恰到好处的节奏变化且巧妙的运用特殊音效才是最重要的。服
5、装类型的选用要有所突破、有所创新，给裁判及观众以视觉冲击。服装的颜色不仅要与主题呼应，还要考虑到场地的颜色、灯光等因素。为了与主题相呼应，服装还可以加入一些其他元素以具有风格多变的特点。在注重队形变化的同时，丰富层次变化与依次对比动作也十分重要，增加变化的速度和强度能够提高视觉冲击力；过渡动作、配合与托举等都要改变其固定思维模式，发散性思考，敢于创新，可与芭蕾、艺术体操等动作元素相结合。难度普遍使用等级较低的难度，且重复性较高，说明运动员的身体素质有待提高，还未能达到完成高难度动作的要求，在平时训练中要加强身体素质练习。教练员要加强啦啦操队员身体素质的训练，将基本素质和专项技术有效的结合，做到
6、在编排上能够最大化的掩盖队员的短板，充分展现本队队员的技术优势和个性特点。同时教练员也要不断提高自身技术水平和编排能力，在竞技比赛当中积累经验，将学习到的理论知识运用到实践当中，多去借鉴和实践国外运动队一些好的方法，提升运动队整体实力。关键词：特步中国大学生啦啦操 成套编排 对比 分析AbstractOur society has entered a stage where swift development has always been conducted on the threshold of the 21st century, on which how to strengthen sp
7、orts work and promote the healthy growth of students has become the very point of concern to which educators ought to give priority. Cheerleading has been a new sport in modern sports. Dance cheerleading competitions are currently divided into Jazz cheerleading, flower ball cheerleading and hip-hop
8、cheerleading in accordance with the different forms of complete action performance. The University Cheerleading Competition sponsored by the Xtep as well as the China University Sports Association has been widely carried out in universities and colleges in China in recent years, whose national final
9、 competition is hereby named as the Chinese College Cheerleading Final that gathers the high-level cheerleading teams from universities and colleges all over the country. The competition refers to the international general rules of Cheerleading competition that classify the content of the competitio
10、n in detail, which leave the competition both ornamental and normative, thereby leading the basic trend of our countrys dance cheerleading.Each team has put a variety of dance cheerleading forms endowed with modern popular elements into use in the final competition of Chinese college students cheerl
11、eading, which are unique in the arrangements and completions of whole sets of standards. The organization of such event is conducive to college students experience of the charm of sports culture, the transmission and promotion of sports spirit, the enhancement of college students curiosity about phy
12、sical exercise as well as the popularization of dance. Cheerleading project has been of positive significance in cultivating students life-long sports consciousness, especially when it comes to sports technology, the analysis upon the choreography of Chinese Xtep college students c heerleading final
13、s has certain reference value for our countrys dance cheerleading to promote the competition levels.The Xtep Chinese College Students Cheerleading Finals in 2007 has been taken as the research object, the methods of documentation, video observation, investigation, mathematical statistics and logical
14、 analysis adopted in the meantime. The arrangement of flower ball, jazz, hip-hop cheerleading optional routines of each team in the Xtep Chinese college students cheerleading finals in 2017 has been compared and further analyzed in accordance with the ICU competition rules. Conclusions have been dra
15、wn as follows: The choices for clothes play a fairly significant role in the whole set of Cheerleading movements. The main style of flower ball cheerleading is the bright long sleeve skirt as for the selection and collocation for clothes. Most of the Jazz cheerleading teams mainly use the long sleev
16、e skirts and short skirts, whose color remains darker. Pretty few teams add Chinese elements to their clothes. Hip-hop clothes are mainly in dark.Eight teams differ from each other to a relatively lower degree in the number of hierarchical actions, sequential actions and comparative ones. All teams participating in the competition have met certain requirements in the number of movements, bringing a ealth of visual ex
