1、初二英语下册知识点总结多初二下册英语知识点总结 Unit 1 Past and present 1. I used to go to school by bike. used to do sth.是一个固定结构,意思是“过去经常做某事,后面用动词原形,表示过去的某种经常性、习惯性的行为或者动作,并意味着这种动作目前已经不存在。 肯定句:I used to play with my friends after school. 过去放学后我常常和朋友们一起玩。 否认句:You didnt use to like pop songs.=You usednt to like pop songs. 你过
2、去不喜欢流行歌曲。 一般疑问句:Did your sister use to be quiet = Used your sister to be quiet 你的妹妹过去常常是很安静吗? there be句式:There used to be a lot of fishes in this river. 过去这条小河常常有许多鱼。 【拓展】 (1) be used to do something意思是“被用来做某事,是动词短语use to do的被动语态结构。例如: Knives are used to cut things.小刀是用来切东西的。 (2) be used to doing so
3、mething意思是“习惯于做某事,to后接动词-ing形式。例如: My father is used to living in the village. 我爸爸习惯于住在小山村。 2. Yes, Id like to. would like意为“想要,语气非常委婉。具体用法如下: (1) would like后接名词或代词,表示“要某样东西。例如: I would like a cup of coffee. 我要一杯咖啡。 My mother would like an apple. 我的妈妈想要一个苹果。 (2) would you like后接动词不定式to do形式,表示意愿、喜爱,
4、常用于有礼貌地提出邀请、请求或建议。例如: Would you like to help me? 你愿意帮助我吗? Would you like to drink some tea 你要喝茶吗? (3) would like sb. to do sth. 意为“想要某人做某事。 例如: Id like you to meet them. 我想要你见他们。 【注意】 它的肯定答复多用Yes, please./Yes, Id (Wed) like (love) to./Certainly./Yes, thank you.等;Id love /like to.的to不能省略。否认答复常用No, th
5、anks./No, thank you.等。 例如: Would you like some coffee 你要点儿咖啡吗? No, thanks.不要了,谢谢。 Would you love to go to the movies with me 你愿意和我一起去看电影吗? Yes, Id love to. 是的,我很愿意。 3. I hope I can visit it again. 本句是hope 后加了一个宾语从句,省略了连接词that。hope有如下用法: (1) 从说话语气上讲,hope 用于表示可能实现的事情,后接从句时,用陈述语气。例如: I hope I shall see
6、 him again. 我希望再见他一次。 I hope you havent hurt yourself. 但愿你没有受伤。 (2)从含义上讲,hope 多用于指对好事的盼望、预想;对坏事的预想那么多用“Im afraid.。 例如: I hope it will be fine tomorrow. 我希望明天天气好。 Im afraid it will rain again. 恐怕还要下雨。 (3) 从时间上看,hope 所希望的一般指将来或现在的事情,不用于指过去的事情。 例如: I hope he will come. 我希望他会来。 (4) 从句型上看,hope 可用hope to
7、do sth.句型,而不能用hope sb. to do sth.句型。例如: I hope to watch the football match again. 我希望再看一次那场足球赛。 (5) 要表示“希望如此时,常用“I hope so.其否认形式用“I hope not.。hope后面还可以接that 从句,意为“希望。 例如: She hopes that I will pass the exam. 她希望我能通过考试。 4. The new shopping mall is a good place to have fun. 句中动词不定式短语to have fun作定语,修饰p
8、lace。动词不定式短语作后置定语,可修饰名词、符合不定代词等。例如: Simon is always the first student to get to school. Simon总是第一个到校的学生。 We must find a person to do the work. 我们必须找个人做这项工作。 I have something to tell you. 我有一些事情要告诉你。 I am looking for a room to live in. 我正在找一间屋子住。 5. I spend more time on my homework than before. spend
9、是动词,意为“花费时间或金钱。其过去式为spent。用法如下: 时间/金钱 + (in) doing sth. 花费时间或金钱做某事 spend + 时间/金钱 + on sth. 花费时间或金钱在某物上 例如: I spend two hours reading every day. 我每天花两个小时阅读。 He spends 20 yuan on books every month. 他每月花20元买书。 拓展: 表示“花费的spend、take、cost和pay的辨析: 词语 主语 结构 spend 人(sb.) sb. spends + 时间或金钱+ (in) doing sth. /
10、on sth. take it作形式主语 It takes sb. some time to do sth.(真正主语) pay 人(sb.) sb. pays + 金钱+ for sth. cost sth.(物) sth. costs sb. + 金钱 例如: I spent 3 hours (in) doing /on my homework yesterday. 昨天我花了三个小时做作业。 It took me four hours to go to Wuhan by bus. 乘公共汽车去武汉花了我四个小时。 I paid six yuan for the pen. 我花了六元钱买这
11、支笔。 My English book cost me five yuan. 我的英语书花了我五元钱。 Unit 2 Traveling 1. My parents and I left for the airport in the early morning. leave作动词,意为“离开(某处),常与for连用,后接要去的地方。leave的过去式和过去分词都是left。 He is leaving for Beijing next week. 他下周打算离开去北京。 Mr Smith left the room at two oclock. 史密斯先生两点离开了房间。 【拓展】 1leav
12、e还意为“离开(某人)的身边;离弃。 Her husband has left her. 她的丈夫把她遗弃了。 (2) 动词短语leave something at/in 表示地点的名词,意为“把某物忘在某地。 I left my key at home. 我把钥匙忘在家里了。 Tom left his English book at school, so he didnt do his homework. 汤姆把英语书落在学校了,所以没有做英语作业。 3leave还意为“听任,使处于某种状态。 He left the windows open. 他让窗子开着。 2. My dad has b
13、een to Chengdu on business twice. have been to地点名词,表示“曾经去过某地,但现在不在那里, 后可接次数,如once,twice,three times等,表示“去过某地几次,也可和 just,never,ever等连用。 My father has been to Beijing twice我父亲去过北京两次。 I have never been to the Great Wall我从未去过长城。 Have you ever been to Beijing 你曾经去过北京吗? 【拓展】 have gone to和have been to是现在完成
14、时的两个典型句式。have gone to地点名词, 表示“去了某地,可能已经到达或者在路途中,不在说话的现场。如果have gone to后接地点副词时,要省略to。 Mr. Wang isnt hereHe has gone to Qingdao 王先生不在这里。他去青岛了。Where is Jim?吉姆在哪里? He has gone to England他去英国了。 3. I see Andy playing on the sand too. see sb. doing sth.意为“看到某人正在做某事表示正在进行的动作。例如: We saw some young people run
15、ning wildly in the street. 我们看见一些年轻人正在街上狂跑。 【拓展】 辨析see sb. doing sth.与see sb. do sth. see sb. doing sth.意为“看见某人正在做某事,强调动作正在进行。例如: I saw a monkey eating bananas. 我看见一只猴子正在吃香蕉。 see sb. do sth.意为“看见某人做过某事,强调动作自始始终的全过程。例如: I saw them get on the bus. 我看见他们上了公共汽车。 4. At the end of the day, we watched the fireworks 1end 作为不及物动词,意为“结束;终止,其主语通常是物。例如: Our morning classes end at 11:50 a.m. 我们上午的课程