1、Designation:D728313Standard Test Method forAlpha and Beta Activity in Water By Liquid ScintillationCounting1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7283;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last re
2、vision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the measurement of grossalpha-and beta-activity concentrations in a homogeneouswater sample.It is applicab
3、le to alpha emitters with activityconcentration levels above 0.11 Bq/L(3 pCi/L)and betaemitters with activity concentration levels above 0.15 Bq/L(4pCi/L).This test method is not applicable to samples contain-ing radionuclides that are volatile under conditions of theanalysis.1.2 This test method ma
4、y also be used for the directmeasurement of gross alpha-and beta-activity concentrationsin homogeneous water samples with alpha emitter activityconcentration levels above 1.8 Bq/L(50 pCi/L)and betaemitter activity concentration levels above 3.7 Bq/L(100pCi/L).1.3 This test method was tested using si
5、ngle-operatortests.2,31.4 Standard methods under the jurisdiction of ASTM Com-mittee D19 may be published for a limited time preliminary tothe completion of full collaborative study validation.Suchstandards are deemed to have met all other D19 qualifyingrequirements but have not completed the requir
6、ed validationstudies to fully characterize the performance of the TestMethod across multiple laboratories and matrices.Preliminarypublication is done to make current technology accessible tousers of standards,and to solicit additional input from the usercommunity.1.5 The values stated in SI units ar
7、e to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and
8、 determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:4D1129 Terminology Relating to WaterD1125 Test Methods for Electrical Conductivity and Resis-tivity of WaterD1193 Specification for Reagent WaterD1890 Test Method for Beta Particle Radioacti
9、vity of WaterD1943 Test Method for Alpha Particle Radioactivity ofWaterD3370 Practices for Sampling Water from Closed ConduitsD3648 Practices for the Measurement of RadioactivityD3856 Guide for Management Systems in LaboratoriesEngaged in Analysis of WaterD4448 Guide for Sampling Ground-Water Monito
10、ring WellsD5847 Practice for Writing Quality Control Specificationsfor Standard Test Methods for Water AnalysisD6001 Guide for Direct-Push Groundwater Sampling forEnvironmental Site Characterization2.2 Other Standards and Publications:EPA 900.0 Gross Alpha and Gross Beta Radioactivity inDrinking Wat
11、er,from Prescribed Procedures for Measure-ment of Radioactivity in Drinking Water(EPA-600/4-80-032)5Standard Methods 7110C Coprecipitation Method for GrossAlpha Radioactivity in Drinking Water6Standard Methods 8010E Table 8010:Recommended Com-position for Reconstituted Fresh Water61This test method
12、is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Waterand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.04 on Methods of Radiochemi-cal Analysis.Current edition approved Feb.1,2013.Published April 2013.Originallyapproved in 2006.Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D7283 06.DOI:10.1520/D72
13、83-13.2Wong,C.T.,Soliman,V.M.,and Perera,S.K.,Journal of Radioanalytical andNuclear Chemistry,Vol 264,No.2,2005,pp.357363.3Ruberu,S.R.,Liu,Y.G.,and Perera,S.K.,Health Physics,Vol 95,No.4,October 2008,pp.397406.4For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer
14、 Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.5Available from United States Environmental Protection Association(EPA),Ariel Rios Bldg.,1200 Pennsylvania Ave.,NW,Washington,DC 20460,http:/www.epa.gov.6Av
15、ailable from American Water Works Association(AWWA),6666 W.QuincyAve.,Denver,CO 80235,http:/www.awwa.org.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 ISO 9696 Water QualityMeasurement of Gross AlphaActivity in Non-saline WaterThick Sou
16、rce Method7ISO 11704:2010 Water QualityMeasurement of Gross Al-pha and BetaActivity Concentration in non-saline water Liquid Scintillation Counting Method73.Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms used in this testmethod,refer to Terminology D1129.For terms not defined inthis test method or in Terminology D1129,reference may bemade to other published glossaries.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 alpha-to-beta spillover,nin the measurement ofradioactivity,for a gi
